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NameLatin NameCharacteristicsPerrenial VegetablesSmall FruitEdible FlowersSalad GreensRoot CropsCulinary HerbsMedicinalTea LeavesGround CoverNitrogen FixerBeneficial Insect AttractorShade Tolerant EdiblesOntario Natives
Alder, Speckled Alnus rugosa20-35" high x 20-35" wide / full sun / zone 2xxx
Alpine Strawberry,Fragaria vesca1' high x 1' wide / full sun to part shade / zone 4xx
Anise-hyssop, Agastache foeniculum2-4’ high x 1-2’ wide / full sun / zone 5xxxx
Annual Vegetables
ApplesMalus domestica13-16' high x 13-16'
wide / full sun / zone 3
Asparagus, sparagus officinale3-5' high x slowly spreading / full sun / zonex
Balloon Flower, Platycodon grandiflorus1’8” high x 1’4” wide / full sun to part shade / zone 4
Basswood, ilia americana100’ high x 80’ wide / full sun to part shade / zonexxx
Bellflower, Peach Leaved, Campanula persicifolia3’ high x 1’ wide / full sun to part shade / zone 3xxx
Bergamot (aka Bee Balm), Monarda didyama3-4’ high x 2-6’ wide / full sun to part shade / zone 4xxx
Bird’s Foot Trefoil, Lotus corniculatus1’6” high x 1’6” wide / full sun to part shade / zone 5
Black LocustRobinia psudoacacia80’ high x 50’ wide / full sun to part shade / zone 3xxx
ButternutJuglans cinerea90’ high x 70’ wide / full sun / zone 3
Calendula, Calendula officinalis1.5’ high x 1’ wide / full sun to part shade / zone 5xxxxx
Cardoon, Cynara cardunculus3’ high x 3’ wide / full sun to part shade / zone 6xxx
Caucasian Spinach, Hablitzia tamnoides10-15’ high x 1 wide / full sun to deep shade / zone 4
Chicory, Cichorium intybus2’ high x 1’ wide / full sun to part shade / zone 3x
Chinese Artichoke, Stachys affinis1’6” high x indefinitely spreading / full sun to part shade / zone 5xxx
Chives, garden Allium schoenoprasum18” high x 1’ wide / full sun / zone 3xxx
Chives, garlic Allium tuberosum18” high x 12” wide / full sun / zone 3xxxx
Chokeberry, Black,Aronia melanocarpa10’ high x 5’ wide / full sun to part shade / zone 4
Columbine,Aquilegia vulgaris2’ high x 18” wide / light shade to deep shade / zone 4
Comfrey, Symphytum officinale; S. x uplandicum1-4’ high x 1-2’ wide / full sun to part shade / zone 4x
Currant, Black,Ribes nigrum3-5’ high x 3-5’ wide / full sun to part shade / zone 4x
Currant, Golden,Ribes aureum5’ high x 5’ wide / full sun to part shade / zone 2x
Currant, Red,Ribes silvestre3-5’ high x 3-5’ wide / full sun to part shade / zone 3x
Daylily, Hemerocallis x ‘Hyperion’2’ high x 1’6” wide / full sun to part shade / zone 4xxxx
Echinacea, Echinacea purpurea4’ high x 1’6” wide / full sun to part shade / zone 3xx
Elderberry,Sambucus canadensis8-10’ high x 8-10’ wide / full sun to 3/4 shade / zone 3xxx
Fennel, Bronze Foeniculum vulgare5’ high x 18” wide / full sun to light shade / zone 5x
Fennel, Sweet Foeniculum vulgare5’ high x 18” wide / full sun to light shade / zone 5x
FeverfewTanacetum parthenium2-3’ high x 1’ wide / full sun to part shade / zone 5x
Good King HenryChenopodium bonus-henricus2’ high x 1’6” wide / full sun to part shade / zone 5x
Gooseberry,Ribes hirtellum; R. uva-crispa3-5’ high x 3-5’ wide / full sun to part shade / zone 3x
Ground NutApios americana7-8’ high x 1’ wide / full sun to part shade / zone 3xxx
HorseradishArmoracia rusticana2’6” high x 2’6” wide / full sun to part shade / zone 5xx
HostaHosta spp.3’ wide x 2’ high / light shade to deep shade / zone 5xxx
Jerusalem ArtichokeHelianthus tuberosus8’ high x indefinitely spreading / full sun to part shade / zone 2xxx
Jostaberry,Ribes nidigrolario8’ high x 6’ wide / full sun to part shade / zone 5
Lemon BalmMelissa officinalis2-3’ high x 15” wide / full sun to part shade / zone 4xxxxx
LovageLevisticum officinale6’ high x 1’6” wide / full sun to part shade / zone 4xxxx
LupineLupinus perennis2’6” high x 2’ wide / full sun to part shade / zone 4xx
MarigoldCalendula officinalis2? high x 1? wide / full sun to part shade / zone 5xx
MilkweedAsclepias syriaca5’ high x 1’ wide / full sun to light shade / zone 3xx
Mint, apple Mentha suaveolens1-2’ high x indefinitely spreading / full sun to part shade / zone 5xxxxx
Mint, chocolate Mentha x piperita piperita1-2’ high x indefinitely spreading / full sun to part shade / zone 4xxxxx
MitsubaCryptotaenia japonica2’ high x 8” wide / full sun to part shade / zone 5xx
Musk mallowMalva moschata3’ high x 2’ wide / full sun to part shade / zone 4xxxxx
New Jersey Tea,Ceoanthus americanus4’ high x 4’ wide / full sun to part shade / zone 5xxx
Onion, Egyptian walking Allium cepa proliferum2? high x 1-2? wide / full sun to part shade / zone 4xx
Onion, Welsh Allium fistulosum2-3’ high x 1-2’ wide / full sun / zone 4xx
OreganoOriganum vulgare2’ high x 1’ wide / full sun to part shade / zone 5xxxx
Ostrich FernMatteucia struthiopteris5 high x 2 wide / part shade to full shade / zone 2x
PansyViola cornuta8” high x 8” wide / full sun to part shade / zone 5xxx
PearsPyrus spp.25-50’ high x 25’ wide / full sun / zone 4
PlumsPrunus spp15-20’ high x 15-20’ wide / full sun / zone 5
PokeweedPhytolacca americana6-10’ high x 2’ wide / full sun to part shade / zone 4xx
Raspberry, red,Rubus idaeus6’ high x indefinitely spreading / full sun to part shade / zone 3x
RhubarbRheum x hybridum3’ high x 3’ wide / full sun to part shade / zone 3xx
Sage, garden Salva officinalis2’ high x 2’ wide / full sun to part shade / zone 5xxx
Salad BurnetSanguisorba minor18” high x 12” wide / full sun to light shade / zone 5
ScorzoneraScorzonera hispanica3’ high x 1’ wide / full sun to half shade / zone 4
Sea Buckthorn,Hippophae rhamnoides10’ high x 12’ wide / full sun to part shade / zone 3xxx
Shadblow ServiceberryAmelanchier canadensis16-20 high x 10-13 wide / full sun to part shade / zone 4
Siberian Pea Shrub,Caragana arborescens8’ high x 6’ wide / full sun / zone 2x
SilverweedPotentilla anserina1’ high x indefinitely spreading / full sun to part shade / zone 5xxx
SkirretSium sisarum4’ high x 1-2’ wide / full sun to part shade / zone 5xxx
SoapwortSaponaria officinalis2’ high x indefinitely spreading / full sun to part shade / zone 4
Solomon’s SealPolygonatum commutatum4’ high x slowly spreading / full sun to full shade / zone 3xxxx
Solomon’s Seal, Giant Polygonatum commutatum4’ high x slowly spreading / full sun to full shade / zone 3xxxx
SorrelRumex acetosa1’5” high x 1’ wide / full sun to part shade / zone 3xxx
St. John’s WortHypericum perforatum3’ high x 1’ wide / full sun to part shade / zone 3xx
Staghorn SumacRhus typhina15-20 high x 15-20 wide / full sun / zone 3
Stinging NettleUrtica dioica6’ x indefinitely spreading / full sun to part shade / zone 4x
Sweet cicelyMyrrhis odorata3’ high x 1’ wide / full sun to part shade / zone 4xxxxx
Sweet PinkDianthus x hybrida ‘Rainbow loveliness’1.5’ high x 1.5’ wide / full sun / zone 3xx
Thyme, English Thymus vulgaris1’ high x 3’ wide / full sun / zone 4xx
Turkish RocketBunias orientalis2’ high x 1-2’ wide / full sun to part shade / zone 4xxx
YarrowAchillea millefolium2-3’ high x indefinitely spreading / full sun / zone 3xxxx